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Hinduism
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SUMMARY
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Hinduism is an Indian faith and dharma, or a lifestyle, broadly practised within the Indian subcontinent and components of Southeast Asia. Hinduism has been known as the oldest faith on this planet, and a few practitioners and students check with it as Sanātana Dharma, “the everlasting custom”, or the “everlasting manner”, past human historical past. Students regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of varied Indian cultures and traditions, with numerous roots and no founder. This “Hindu synthesis” began to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, after the tip of the Vedic interval (1500 BCE to 500 BCE), and flourished within the medieval interval, with the decline of Buddhism in India.Though Hinduism accommodates a broad vary of philosophies, it’s linked by shared ideas, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual assets, and pilgrimage to sacred websites. Hindu texts are categorised into Śruti (“heard”) and Smṛti (“remembered”). These texts focus on theology, philosophy, mythology, Vedic yajna, Yoga, agamic rituals, and temple constructing, amongst different subjects. Main scriptures embrace the Vedas and Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Āgamas. Sources of authority and everlasting truths in its texts play an necessary function, however there may be additionally a robust Hindu custom of questioning authority so as to deepen the understanding of those truths and to additional develop the custom.Outstanding themes in Hindu beliefs embrace the 4 Puruṣārthas, the right targets or goals of human life, particularly Dharma (ethics/duties), Artha (prosperity/work), Kama (needs/passions) and Moksha (liberation/freedom from the cycle of dying and rebirth/salvation); karma (motion, intent and penalties), Saṃsāra (cycle of dying and rebirth), and the assorted Yogas (paths or practices to achieve moksha). Hindu practices embrace rituals reminiscent of puja (worship) and recitations, japa, meditation, family-oriented rites of passage, annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages. Some Hindus depart their social world and materials possessions, then have interaction in lifelong Sannyasa (monastic practices) to attain Moksha. Hinduism prescribes the everlasting duties, reminiscent of honesty, refraining from injuring dwelling beings (ahimsa), persistence, forbearance, self-restraint, and compassion, amongst others. The 4 largest denominations of Hinduism are the Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism and Smartism.Hinduism is the world’s third largest faith; its followers, generally known as Hindus, represent about 1.15 billion, or 15–16% of the worldwide inhabitants. Hindus type the vast majority of the inhabitants in India, Nepal and Mauritius. Important Hindu communities are additionally discovered within the Caribbean, Africa, North America, and different nations.
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